A UN Number is a four-digit code assigned by the United Nations to identify hazardous substances. For example, UN1203 is gasoline, UN3481 is lithium ion batteries packed with equipment.

Do I need an SDS to ship hazmat via LTL?

Yes. A Safety Data Sheet (SDS) must accompany all hazardous material shipments. The carrier and driver need this document for safety and compliance.

Can all LTL carriers handle hazmat?

No. Not all LTL carriers accept hazmat freight. Carriers like FedEx Freight, Estes, Old Dominion, and XPO handle most hazmat classes, but some restrict Class 1 (explosives) and Class 7 (radioactive).

Hazmat Shipping Guide · UN Number Lookup

9 DOT Hazard Classes Click for details

🔍 UN Number / Product Search

📋 LTL Hazmat Shipping Checklist

Before You Ship — Required

1️⃣

Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
Must accompany the shipment. Standard 16-section format. Carrier and driver need this document.

2️⃣

Confirm UN Number
Every hazmat has a unique 4-digit UN number. Check SDS Section 14 (Transport Information) if unsure.

3️⃣

Proper Labels & Markings
Outer packaging must display: diamond hazard label + UN number + proper shipping name + shipper/consignee info.

4️⃣

Compliant Packaging
Must use UN-certified packaging (drums/boxes with UN markings). Packing Group determines strength: PG I strictest, PG III least strict.

5️⃣

Mark Hazmat on BOL
BOL must include: UN number, proper shipping name, hazard class, packing group, emergency contact phone.

6️⃣

Emergency Contact
Must provide 24-hour emergency contact (can use CHEMTREC: 1-800-424-9300).

💡 Practical Tips

🔋 Lithium Batteries

Lithium batteries are the most common LTL hazmat. UN3481 (packed with equipment) has fewer restrictions than UN3480 (standalone). Most LTL carriers accept UN3481. Many refuse UN3480.

🎨 Paint & Coatings

Oil-based paint is Class 3 Flammable Liquid (UN1263). Water-based paint is usually non-hazmat. Check SDS first. Many carriers limit Class 3 weight (typically ≤5000 lbs).

🧴 Cleaning Products / Chemicals

Disinfectants, bleach, etc. may be Class 8 Corrosive. Low concentrations may qualify for Limited Quantity exemption. SDS Section 14 will specify.

🚫 Carrier Restrictions

Not all LTL carriers accept hazmat. FedEx Freight, Estes, ODFL, XPO handle most classes. Class 1 (explosives) and Class 7 (radioactive) are refused by nearly all LTL carriers.

❓ Frequently Asked Questions

Check the product's SDS (Safety Data Sheet), Section 14 "Transport Information" will state if it's DOT regulated, the UN number, and hazard class. If the manufacturer says "no SDS needed," it's typically non-hazmat.

Request one from the product manufacturer or supplier — they are legally required to provide it. You can also search online for "product name + SDS."

Typically 20-50% more than standard freight, depending on hazard class and carrier. Class 3 (flammable) and Class 8 (corrosive) surcharges are relatively lower; Class 1 (explosive) and Class 6 (toxic) are higher.

Limited Quantity is a DOT exemption for small quantities of hazmat in small packages. Labeling and documentation requirements are simplified, but you still need to note it on the BOL. Specific limits vary by UN number.

Yes, but exemptions exist. Small lithium batteries (e.g., inside phones/laptops) may ship under Section II exemption if conditions are met. Large or standalone lithium batteries must follow full hazmat rules.